![]() Yet despite great theoretical progress, most quantum codes are difficult to study experimentally on NISQ devices due to the need for complicated syndrome measurements, fast feedback, and decoding capabilities.Īn alternative approach that strays from traditional ideas of error correction and targets NISQ devices is “error mitigation”. The exact form of this error correction could take to achieve success is yet unknown however, it has been suggested that one of the best applications for early quantum computers is using them to study and optimize error correcting codes in real conditions 26. As a result, in order to reach practical applications, it may be necessary to implement some form of partial error correction for NISQ computations. Moreover, while there has been some success in implementing early quantum error correcting code experiments in various architectures 24, 25, a full implementation remains daunting. However, the impact of incoherent noise remains daunting for the accuracy thresholds specified 5, 7, 23. In conjunction with this, much progress has been made in reducing the gate overhead required for practical applications, especially in the domain of quantum chemistry 19– 22. Many early proposals for practical applications have advocated the use of variational algorithms 5– 18, which are known to experience a natural form of robustness against certain types of noise. It remains an open question, however, if these results can be extended to applications of interest outside the domain of pure computation. Experimental and theoretical proposals have explored the potential for performing a well-defined computational task faster than a classical computer on as few as 50 qubits, a task often referred to as “quantum supremacy” 2– 4. A natural question that arises from this realization is whether it will be possible to perform meaningful computations on non-fault tolerant or noisy intermediate scale quantum computers (NISQ) 1. However, while a key development in the road map of quantum computing was the concept of quantum error correction, the hardware requirements to implement fully fault-tolerant schemes for non-trivial algorithms may still be some years away. Rapid developments in both the theory and hardware for quantum computation push us closer than ever to the dream of practically useful quantum computing.
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